What is common to the following plants: Nepenthes, Psilotum, Rauwolfia and Aconitum?

Q1. What is common to the following plants: Nepenthes, Psilotum, Rauwolfia and Aconitum?

1. All are ornamental plants.
2. All are phylogenic link species.
3. All are prone to over exploitation.
4. All are exclusively present in the Eastern Himalayas.

Ans:3. All are prone to over exploitation.

Explanation:

These plants have various medicinal uses in traditional medicines and hence they are exploited and prone to

increased exploitation.

Q2. Among the ecosystem mentioned below, where can one find maximum biodiversity?

1. Mangroves
2. Desert
3. Coral reefs
4. Alpine meadows

Ans:3. Coral reefs

Explanation:

Mangroves and alpine meadows can support only a select number of species.

Some condition is in deserts as well.

Q3. Endemism refers to:

1. The distribution of species at a cosmopolitan distribution.
2. Distribution of certain species in a restricted area.
3. A common feature of all organisms seen in the biosphere.
4. A and B are correct.

Ans:2. Distribution of certain species in a restricted area.

Q4. Which one of the following is an endangered plant species of India?

1. Rauwolfia serpentina.
2. Santalum album (Sandal wood).
3. Cycas beddonei.
4. All of the.

Ans:4. All of the.

Explanation:

Endangered (ER): It is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future if conservation measures are

not promptly taken.

E.g. Red panda (A Hums fulgens)

Q5. Which of the following is a hot-spot of biodiversity in India?

1. Western Ghats.
2. Indo-gangetic plain.
3. Eastern Ghats.
4. Aravalli Hills.

Ans:1. Western Ghats.

Test / Exam Name: Biodiversity And

Conservation

Standard: 12th Science Subject: Biology

Student Name: Section: Roll No.:

Questions: 34 Time: 60 Mins Marks: 34

Q6. Hot spots are places of:

1. High degree of species richness.
2. High degree of habitat loss.
3. High degree of endemism.
4. All the above.

Ans:4. All the above.

Q7. Match the animals given in column A with their location in column B:

Column A Column B

(i) Dodo (a)Africa

(ii) Quagga (b)Russia

(iii)Thylacine (c) Mauritius

(iv)Stellar’s sea cow(d)Australia

Choose the correct match from the following:

1. i-a, ii-c, iii-b, iv-d
2. i-d, ii-c, iii-a, iv-b
3. i-c, ii-a, iii-b, iv-d
4. i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-b

Ans:4. i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-b

Explanation:

Column A Column B

(i) Dodo (c) Mauritius

(ii) Quagga (a)Africa

(iii)Thylacine (d)Australia

(iv)Stellar’s sea cow(b)Russia

Q8. The most important cause of extinction of animals and plants, especially in tropical rain forests is:

1. Habitat loss.
2. Afforestation.
3. Pollution.
4. Soil erosion.

Ans:1. Habitat loss.

Q9. Which among the following is not a method of in-situ conservation?

1. National Park.
2. Botanical garden.
3. Wildlife sanctuary.
4. Ramsar sites.

Ans:2. Botanical garden.

Q10. The active chemical drug reserpine is obtained from:

1. Datura
2. Rauwolfia
3. Atropa
4. Papaver

Ans:2. Rauwolfia

Explanation:

The genetic variation shown by the medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different Himalayan ranges

might be in terms of potency and concentration of the active chemical (Reserpine) obtained from roots of plants.

Q11. The one-horned rhinoceros is specific to which of the following sanctuary:

4. Bhitar Kanika.
5. Bandipur.
6. Kaziranga.
7. Corbett park.

Ans:3. Kaziranga.

Explanation:

Kaziranga National Park is a national park in the Golaghat and Nagaon districts of the state of Assam, India. The

sanctuary, which hosts two-thirds of the world’s great one-horned rhinoceroses, is a World Heritage In 1954.

Q12. Which one is known as the lungs of the planet?

1. Amazon rain forest.
2. All tropic rain forest.
3. All producers.
4. Deciduous forest.

Ans:1. Amazon rain forest.

Q13. The extinction of passenger pigeon was due to:

1. Increased number of predatory birds.
2. Over exploitation by humans.
3. Non-availability of the food.
4. Bird flu virus infection.

Ans:2. Over exploitation by humans.

Explanation:

Humans have always depended on nature for food and shelter but when ‘need’ turns to ‘greed’ it leads to over-

exploitation of natural resources. In the last 500 years many species extinctions (Steller’s sea cow, passenger’s

pigeon) were due to over-exploitation by human.

Q14. Which of the following countries has the highest biodiversity?

1. Brazil
2. South Africa
3. Russia
4. India

Ans:1. Brazil

Explanation:

This country falls in the area of Amazon rainforest which is having the highest biodiversity in the world.

Q15. Reserpine is obtained from:

1. Rauwolfia vomitoria.
2. Cinchona officinalis.
3. Taxus brevifolia.
4. Catheranthus roseus.

Ans:1. Rauwolfia vomitoria.

Q16. Amongst the animal groups given below, which one has the highest percentage of endangered

species?

1. Insects
2. Mammals
3. Amphibians
4. Reptiles

Ans:3. Amphibians

Explanation:

At present, 33% of all amphibian species face threat of extinction.

Q17. The Earth Summit (1992) was held at:

3. Johannesburg.
4. South Africa.
5. Rio de Janeiro.
6. Japan.

Ans:3. Rio de Janeiro.

Q18. From his long term ecosystem experiments, David Tilman showed that.

1. Decreased diversity contributed to higher productivity.
2. Decreased diversity contributed to decreased productivity.
3. Increased diversity contributed to increased productivity.
4. Increased diversity contributed to decreased productivity.

Ans:3. Increased diversity contributed to increased productivity.

Q19. (\log\text{S}=\log\text{C}+\text{Z}\log\text{A})

In the given equation of species-area relationship, the value of regression coefficient for a whole

continent, would be.

1. 0.1-0.2
2. 0.5-0.7
3. 0.6-1.2
4. 0.3-0.5

Ans:3. 0.6-1.2

Q20. Which of the following organisation is responsible for maintaining the Red Data Book?

1. IDRI
2. IUCN
3. UNESCO
4. USDA

Ans:2. IUCN

Q21. Which of the following group of plants exhibit more species diversity?

1. Angiosperms
2. Algae
3. Bryophytes
4. Fungi

Ans:4. Fungi

Explanation:

Among plants; angiosperms and fungi show largest number of species.

Q22. Which of the following forests is known as the ‘lungs of the planet Earth’ ?

1. Tiaga forest.
2. Tundra forest.
3. Amazon rain forest.
4. Rain forests of North East India.

Ans:3. Amazon rain forest.

Explanation:

Amazon rain forest is known as the ‘lungs of the planet Earth’.

Q23. What is common to Lantana, Eichhornia and African catfish?

1. All are endangered species of India.
2. All are key stone species.
3. All are mammals found in India.
4. All the species are neither threatened nor indigenous species of India.

Ans:4. All the species are neither threatened nor indigenous species of India.

Explanation:

Q24. Which of the below mentioned regions exhibit less seasonal variations?

1. Tropics
2. Temperates
3. Alpines
4. Both (a) & (b)

Ans:1. Tropics

Explanation:

Tropics get the same amount of illumination throughout the year and hence there is less seasonal variation.

Q25. The enormous number of varieties of mango in India represents:

1. Genetie diversity.
2. Species diversity.
3. Ecological diversity.
4. Hybridisation programmes.

Ans:1. Genetie diversity.

Q26. Which of the following statements is correct?

1. Parthenium is an endemic species of our country.
2. African catfish is not a threat to indigenous catfishes.
3. Steller’s sea cow is an extinct animal.
4. Lantana is popularly known as carrot grass.

Ans:3. Steller’s sea cow is an extinct animal.

Explanation:

Q27. Where among the following will you find pitcher plant?

1. Rain forest of North-East India.
2. Sunderbans.
3. Thar Desert.
4. Western Ghats.

Ans:1. Rain forest of North-East India.

Explanation:

In rainforest of North-East India pitcher plants are spotted because moist and humid climate is favourable to them.

Q28. Which of the following is not an invasive alien species in the Indian context?

1. Lantana
2. Cynodon
3. Parthenium
4. Eichhornia

Ans:2. Cynodon

Explanation:

Other species from the options were introduced into India from some other parts of the world. Cynodon is yet not

introduced or spotted in India.

Q29. The historic convention on Biological Diversity held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 is known as:

 

1. CITES Convention.
2. The Earth Summit.
3. G-16 Summit.
4. MAB Programme.

ns:2. The Earth Summit.

Explanation:

The Earth Summit: This historical convention on biological diversity held in Rio-de-Janeiro, Brazil in 1992.

Attending nations take appropriate measure for conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilization of its

benefits.

Q30. Which one of the following is not a major characteristic feature of biodiversity hot spots?

1. Large number of species.
2. Abundance of endemic species.
3. Large number of exotic species.
4. Destruction of habitat.

Ans:3. Large number of exotic species.

Explanation:

Characteristic feature of biodiversity hot spots are large number of species, abundance of endemic species and

mostly located in the tropics.

Q31. What is common to the techniques (i) in vitro fertilisation, (ii) Cryo preservation and (iii) tissue

culture?

1. All are in situ conservation methods.
2. All are ex situ conservation methods.
3. All require ultra modern equipment and large space.
4. All are methods of conservation of extinct organisms.

Ans:2. All are ex situ conservation methods.

Explanation:

Option (a) can be easily ruled out. Tissue culture does not require large space and hence option (c) can be ruled

out. Extinct organisms cannot be conserved, so option (d) can be rule out.

Q32. Which of the following is not a cause for loss of biodiversity?

1. Destruction of habitat.
2. Invasion by alien species.
3. Keeping animals in zoological parks.
4. Over-exploitation of natural resources.

Ans:3. Keeping animals in zoological parks.

Explanation:

Destruction of habitat, invasion by alien species, and over-exploitation, of natural resources are cause for loss of

biodiversity.

Q33. The World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002) was held in:

1. Brazil.
2. South Africa.
3. Sweden.
4. Argentina.

 

Ans:2. South Africa.

Q34. Total biodiversity hot spots in world is:

 

1. 25
2. 34
3. 36
4. 24

Ans:2. 34